In our data-rich era, statistics elegantly illuminates uncertainty and informs decisions, its principles refined from the games of chance to the complexities of AI. By examining accessible samples to understand broader, often inaccessible, populations, as highlighted by the changing patterns of female smoking in Kolkata, necessitating data-driven hypothesis testing, the tutorial underscores statistics’ vital role in everyday life. Tracing its historical roots to 17th-century inquiries into probability by figures like Galileo, Pascal, and Fermat, the field was revolutionized by Kolmogorov’s axiomatic approach, a robust framework extending beyond classical probability. Theorems, logically derived from these axioms, establish principles such as impossible events having zero probability. The tutorial concludes with a subtle philosophical reflection on whether zero probability invariably equates to impossibility, inviting deeper contemplation.